Aggregate complaints data: 2021 H2

This page shows the market-level data reported to us by financial services firms for 2021 H2 between 1 July 2021 and 31 December 2021. It includes analysis on the latest trends for each product group.

We use our complaints data to help assess how firms interact with and treat their customers as well as monitoring their performance over time. We also use this data to guide our work in supervising firms and markets, highlighting any potential concerns with specific financial products offered.

Download the aggregate complaints data (XLSX)

Key Findings

  • In 2021 H2, financial services firms received 1.84m complaints, 10% lower than in 2021 H1 (2.04m). This is the lowest level recorded since 2016 H2 (figure 1).
     
  • The insurance and pure protection product group saw the largest decrease in complaints received by firms: from 890,000 complaints in 2021 H1 to 770,000 complaints in 2021 H2 (11%). There was also a noticeable decrease in home finance complaints (14%), investments (29%) and decumulation and pensions (16%). No product group saw an increase from 2021 H2.
     
  • Unlike in previous returns, the decrease in insurance and pure protection complaints was not driven by the drop in complaints about Payment Protection Insurance (PPI). Instead, it was consistent across all products. The exception was in warranties which has increased 18% from 44,329 to 52,091 (after also increasing 19% in 2021 H1).
     
  • Current accounts are still the most complained about products. The number of complaints for these increased 5% from 503,135 in 2021 H1 to 526,609 in 2021 H2. Other general insurance is the second most complained about product, but this fell 28% from 297,650 to 216,438.
     
  • As the number of PPI complaints has fallen, so too has the total number of complaints that took longer than 8 weeks to close. In 2021 H2, only 6% of complaints took this long to close, compared to 12% in 2021 H1.
     
  • The total redress paid fell 52% from £559m in 2021 H1 to £291.5m. Although the majority of this can be attributed to the falling PPI complaints, the amount paid for other complaints still fell 22% from £284m in 2021 H1 to £222.2m in 2021 H2.
     
  • The percentage of complaints that are upheld increased slightly from 59.4% in 2021 H1 to 59.5% in 2021 H2.

While preparing the 2024 H2 publication, we identified a discrepancy in our calculations that led to an overstatement of the total number of accounts in the ‘Banking and Credit Cards’ and ‘Investments’ product groups. This figure is used to calculate the relevant contextualisation metric in Figure 2. The updates are included in the 2024 H2 and future publications. This publication has not been updated.

Chart tips: hover over the data series to view the data values and filter the data categories by clicking on the legend.

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Data table

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Note: complaints recorded for 2016 H2 include firms whose reporting periods ended on or after 30 December 2016. These firms accounted for approximately 90% of complaints.

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Data table

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Complaints closed 

Firms have 8 weeks after receiving a complaint to provide a written response. 

Table 1 – Complaints closed in the period

 All ComplaintsPPIAll other complaints
 2021 H12021 H22021 H12021 H22021 H12021 H2
Total complaints opened2.16m1.87m0.16m0.04m2.00m1.83m
of which:      
closed within 3 days (%)48%49%4%8%51%50%
closed within 8 weeks (%)40%45%15%17%42%46%
closed after 8 weeks (%)12%6%80%75%7%5%

Source: FCA complaints data

Table 2 – Complaints upheld and redress paid

 All ComplaintsAll other complaintsPPI
 2021 H12021 H22021 H12021 H22021 H12021 H2
Total complaints closed2.1m1.8m1.9m1.8m0.2m0.00m
of which:      
upheld1.2m1.1m1.2m1.0m0.1m0.0m
% upheld59%59%60%60%52%46%
Total redress paid£537.4m£261.3m£263.0m£192.1m£274.3m£69.2m
Redress for upheld complaints£499.2m£228.9m£243.7m£171.0m£255.5m£57.9m
Redress for complaints not upheld£38.0m£32.3m£19.2m£21.0m£18.8m£11.3m
Average redress for complaints upheld£402£214£210£163£3119£2827

Source: FCA complaints data

Aggregate complaints data sortable tables: 2021 H2

 

Product Product Group 2024 H1 2024 H2 2025 H1
Current accounts Banking and credit cards 492,558 491,172 541,493
Motor & transport Insurance & pure protection 276,795 254,788 255,192
Credit cards Banking and credit cards 222,529 217,160 211,903
Other general insurance Insurance & pure protection 118,520 123,824 113,745
Property Insurance & pure protection 100,250 91,890 93,159
Savings (including ISAs) Banking and credit cards 83,392 80,592 89,919
Medical/health Insurance & pure protection 95,886 77,075 76,182
Other regulated home finance products Home finance 70,619 63,670 60,420
Warranty Insurance & pure protection 53,576 51,383 65,083
Non-workplace personal pensions (e.g. SIPPs, SHPs, PPPs) Decumulation & pensions 50,832 49,383 52,395
Travel Insurance & pure protection 27,551 29,280 27,776
Pet Insurance & pure protection 28,019 27,748 23,763
Whole of life/term assurance/critical illness Insurance & pure protection 24,674 23,622 24,950
Other banking - Please provide details below Banking and credit cards 22,107 21,353 24,414
Assistance Insurance & pure protection 18,125 20,370 18,236
ISAs (where investment held) Investments 22,737 18,483 22,022
Workplace personal pensions (e.g. SIPPs, SHPs, PPPs) Decumulation & pensions 16,341 16,413 16,860
Packaged accounts Banking and credit cards 15,080 15,959 15,944
Other unregulated home finance products Home finance 16,759 14,738 12,128
Overdrafts Banking and credit cards 15,317 13,290 16,188
General insurance packaged multi products Insurance & pure protection 14,866 12,203 12,698
Investment bonds Investments 10,963 10,056 9,513
Drawdown and UFPLS Decumulation & pensions 9,037 8,232 6,751
Annuities (including enhanced and impaired) Decumulation & pensions 9,009 7,499 7,968
Other investment products/funds Investments 7,526 6,618 7,907
Trust based pensions (e.g. Occupational and DB) Decumulation & pensions 7,414 6,466 8,977
Platforms Investments 9,103 6,405 7,981
Income protection and other accident, sickness and unemployment Insurance & pure protection 4,108 4,528 4,678
Unit trusts/OEICs Investments 4,496 4,086 3,581
Second and subsequent charge Home finance 3,022 2,639 3,418
Endowments Investments 3,046 2,562 2,318
Equity release Home finance 2,201 2,328 2,111
Discretionary management services Investments 1,404 1,269 1,187
FX/CFD/Spreadbetting Investments 1,153 1,052 1,184
Non-discretionary management services Investments 903 854 938
Protection packaged multi products Insurance & pure protection 554 788 797
Impaired credit Home finance 633 561 564
Payment protection insurance Insurance & pure protection 882 558 603
Other pensions Decumulation & pensions 286 537 481
Decumulation packaged multi products Decumulation & pensions 0 501 434
Other pure protection Insurance & pure protection 466 440 544
Investment trusts Investments 508 415 451
ETPs Investments 303 389 464
Crowdfunding / Peer to Peer Investments 292 306 319
UCITS Investments 187 209 246
Structured products Investments 131 152 94
Investment packaged multi products Investments 73 115 98
Third way products (e.g. investment linked, variable, fixed term) Decumulation & pensions 75 67 67
Pensions packaged multi products Decumulation & pensions 22 41 41
Other decumulation Decumulation & pensions 29 33 61

Complaints, contextualised by number of products.

Product Product Group 2024 H1 2024 H2 2025 H1
Annuities (including enhanced and impaired) Decumulation & pensions 1.21 1.03 1.09
Assistance Insurance & pure protection 1.88 2.6 1.99
Credit cards Banking and credit cards 3.84 3.75 3.55
Crowdfunding / Peer to Peer Investments 1.79 0.69
Current accounts Banking and credit cards 3.92 3.83 4.11
Discretionary management services Investments 0.59 0.49 0.49
Drawdown and UFPLS Decumulation & pensions 7.27 6.35 5.6
Endowments Investments 1.38 1.34 1.35
Equity release Home finance 8.55 9.08 6.96
ETPs Investments 0.76 0.94
FX/CFD/Spreadbetting Investments 0.06 0.16 0.21
General insurance packaged multi products Insurance & pure protection 0.99 1.23 1.28
Impaired credit Home finance 6.56 8.02 6.45
Income protection and other accident, sickness and unemployment Insurance & pure protection 1.27 1.64 1.26
Investment bonds Investments 4.96 4.16 3.98
Investment packaged multi products Investments 2.16 2.5 0.21
Investment trusts Investments 0.5 52.63 0
ISAs (where investment held) Investments 1.79 1.45 1.48
Medical/health Insurance & pure protection 9.91 7.3 7.02
Motor & transport Insurance & pure protection 3.76 3.61 3.71
Non-discretionary management services Investments 0.1 0.14 0.15
Non-workplace personal pensions (e.g. SIPPs, SHPs, PPPs) Decumulation & pensions 3.72 3.45 3.6
Other banking - Please provide details below Banking and credit cards 3.68 3.46 4.78
Other general insurance Insurance & pure protection 1.68 1.57 1.44
Other investment products/funds Investments 0.16 0.16 0.17
Other pensions Decumulation & pensions 0.46 0.85 0.77
Other pure protection Insurance & pure protection 0.08 0.38 0.07
Other regulated home finance products Home finance 7.14 6.41 6.04
Other unregulated home finance products Home finance 7.03 6.29 4.76
Overdrafts Banking and credit cards 0.31 0.27 0.33
Packaged accounts Banking and credit cards 2 2.08 2.02
Payment protection insurance Insurance & pure protection 0.08 0.05 0.05
Pet Insurance & pure protection 5.1 5.29 4.53
Platforms Investments 0.25 0.16 0.21
Property Insurance & pure protection 2.27 2.22 1.94
Protection packaged multi products Insurance & pure protection 1.11 1.68 1.63
Savings (including ISAs) Banking and credit cards 0.6 0.57 0.61
Second and subsequent charge Home finance 27.03 26.48 39
Structured products Investments 4.31 4.7 5.27
Third way products (e.g. investment linked, variable, fixed term) Decumulation & pensions 1.62 1.85 0.12
Travel Insurance & pure protection 0.79 1.04 0.86
Trust based pensions (e.g. Occupational and DB) Decumulation & pensions 0.66 0.64 0.91
UCITS Investments 8.81 0.98 1.14
Unit trusts/OEICs Investments 1.55 1.73 1.57
Warranty Insurance & pure protection 2.77 2.46 3.03
Whole of life/term assurance/critical illness Insurance & pure protection 0.8 0.85 0.8
Workplace personal pensions (e.g. SIPPs, SHPs, PPPs) Decumulation & pensions 0.91 0.93 1.11

Further information about the complaints data

Copyright

The data on this page is available under the terms of the Open Government Licence.