To help firms strengthen their motor finance redress plans, we provide examples of good and poor practice from our review of implementation plans.
The motor finance redress scheme is currently partially suspended, but firms must comply with all rules which are not suspended.
Who this applies to
This will interest:
- Motor finance lenders within scope of the Motor Finance Scheme.
- Firms responsible for handling motor finance complaints and redress.
- Firms relying on brokers, outsourced providers, group systems or other third parties to support delivery.
- Senior managers responsible for oversight, governance, quality assurance and consumer outcomes.
What we looked at
Approximately 6 weeks after the motor finance redress scheme rules were published, we asked in-scope firms to submit implementation plans. We asked them to explain how they would deliver fair, consistent and timely outcomes for consumers. We then reviewed each plan and provided feedback.
We considered firms’ plans against key areas of scheme delivery, including:
- operational readiness
- population identification
- the approach to grouping of cases and group-based decision making
- redress calculation and payment
- quality assurance and oversight
- multiple representative issues
We recognise that firms may have taken significant further steps since submitting the scheme implementation plans. This guidance should, therefore, be viewed as a point-in-time assessment of the plans we reviewed. It is intended to support firms' implementation planning and should be considered alongside scheme rules, wider FCA communication, and any firm-specific feedback provided by the FCA.
Implementation approaches will also vary according to the size, business model and volume of relevant agreements for each firm.
What we found
Overall, most firms had a good understanding of the scheme’s requirements. In many cases there were high-level descriptions of the key steps needed to deliver the requirements.
However, many plans were high level without detail on delivery. Some plans focused on how future plans would be developed or overseen so we were unable to assess whether firms would be able to meet their obligations.
1. Operational readiness
What we found
Stronger plans showed how the scheme would operate day to day. Weaker plans often set out high-level intentions but did not explain the workflows, systems, decision points or procedures that would support delivery.
The strongest did more than describe intended activity. They explained how the scheme would operate in practice, who was accountable, and what evidence supported the approach. They also described what controls would apply, and how the firm would respond if assumptions changed.
Many firms intend to use brokers, outsourced providers, group systems or other third parties to support scheme delivery. Stronger plans identified each provider, explained their role in practical terms, and described how the firm would oversee delivery, monitor performance and escalate issues. Less-developed plans listed providers or workstreams without explaining responsibilities, controls, timelines or contingency arrangements.
Examples of good practice
- Defined triage processes that explain how relevant agreements will be identified, prioritised and routed.
- Clear explanations of how data will be gathered (to process non-complainants), governed, managed and used throughout the process.
- Process maps or workflow descriptions showing how customers move through the scheme from identification to outcome.
- Case management processes that have flexibility to manage mixed complaints, multiple representatives, and other complex case types.
- Evidence that key hand-offs, judgement points and operational risks have been identified and controlled.
- Firms have started engagement early. This includes testing whether relevant broker-held data exists, whether it is usable and how long it may take to obtain.
- Firms have clear request templates, defined response timelines, escalation routes and contingency plans for non-response, incomplete data or unreliable evidence.
- Firms use secure channels or controlled workflows to transfer, store and reconcile personal and financial data, supported by audit trails and governance over evidence ingestion.
- Documented controls for third-party data, outsourced activity and group-system dependencies.
- Contingency plans where third-party data or services are incomplete, delayed or unavailable.
- Each third party is identified, along with its role, the expected volumes it will handle, any delegated authority, escalation routes, oversight controls and contingency arrangements.
Examples of poor practice
- Plans that repeat scheme requirements without explaining how the firm will deliver them.
- Statements that a process will be in place, without explaining what the process is, who will operate it or how it will be controlled.
- Limited detail on the systems, workflows, staffing model or procedures needed to process cases at scale.
- Plans that rely mainly on governance milestones, with little detail on operational execution.
- Plans did not explain how internal or temporary resource would be increased, trained or overseen if volumes were higher than expected.
- Firms lack adequate controls for transferring and managing customer data. This includes insufficient consideration of secure channels, access controls, audit trails and retention arrangements.
- Firms defer key decisions on broker engagement until late in implementation. This increases the risk that relevant historic data is lost or cannot be obtained in time.
- Limited oversight of outsourced, automated or group-based processes that are important to delivery.
- Assumptions that third parties will provide data or support without explaining controls, timelines or contingency arrangements.
What firms need to do
Firms should be able to show how their implementation plans will work in practice. This includes explaining the customer journey, operational workflow, decision points, controls, dependencies and escalation routes. Firms should pay particular attention to hand-offs and judgement points, as these are often where delivery risk arises.
Firms should understand and explain what each third party will do in practical terms, how the activity will be overseen, and what contingency arrangements are in place if data, systems or services are unavailable, incomplete or delayed.
2. Population identification
What we found
Firms need a clear and evidenced view of the numbers of customers, agreements and complaints that may be in scope. However, some firms did not explain how numbers were derived, validated or reconciled with other submissions.
Stronger plans explained what data was held internally, what gaps remained, how those gaps would be addressed, and how the firm would validate the numbers.
Less developed plans tended to provide only a high-level overview of data-related issues, for example by listing data sources without clearly explaining the scale of missing data or the steps planned to address those gaps.
Examples of good practice
- Clear explanations of the data sources used to identify the starting population.
- Evidence of how customer populations, agreement volumes and redress calculations have been validated and reconciled with other regulatory submissions.
- Documented approaches for identifying, assessing and remediating data gaps.
- Clear and consistent approaches for treatment of missing, incomplete or poor-quality data.
- Evidence retained to support the firm’s methodology and decisions.
- Clear explanation of when broker or third-party data will be needed, from whom it will be sought and how it will be obtained, assessed and controlled.
- The key data points needed are set out clearly, alongside the sources used, known gaps, how missing data will be obtained, and how reconstructed or supplemented data will be tested before use.
- Lenders have assessed whether their own internal data is sufficient to deliver the scheme and have documented the basis for any decision not to rely on broker data.
- Where broker evidence may be needed, firms have identified the relevant broker population, the agreements linked to each broker, the data required and the reason it is needed.
Examples of poor practice
- Population figures provided without explanation of methodology, assumptions or validation.
- Inconsistencies between the information in the implementation plan, one-off data submission and forecast, without explanation.
- References to data gaps without a practical plan to resolve or manage them.
- Assumptions that internal data is sufficient without explaining how that conclusion has been reached.
- Limited explanation of the role of brokers, outsourced providers, group systems or other third parties.
- Firms state that broker data may be needed but do not explain what information they require, why it is needed, when brokers will be contacted or how evidence will be used.
- Firms have not quantified or named the broker population that may hold relevant data. This limits their ability to assess feasibility, broker burden and likely response rates.
- Firms have no clear process for dealing with broker non-response, missing records, poor-quality evidence, data retention issues or brokers that have ceased trading or are cancelling permissions.
What firms need to do
Firms should be able to explain how they identified the starting population, what systems and data sources they used, what filters or exclusions were applied, and how outputs were checked. Where firms rely on third parties, they should explain the role of those parties, the controls over information requested and received, and contingency plans for incomplete or late data.
Firms should be able to show that their population identification is evidence-based, that assumptions have been tested, and that any limitations in historic data have been properly managed. This supports fair consumer outcomes, reduces the risk of avoidable rework, and helps firms deliver redress within expected timescales.
3. The approach to group-based decision making
What we found
Many firms expect to use group-based decision-making. This can support consistent and efficient processing where firms need to handle cases at volume. However, some plans did not explain the methodology, evidence or controls that would support those decisions. This is concerning where firms are relying on automated systems to process agreements at pace.
Firms generally recognised the importance of data in identifying relevant agreements, assessing eligibility and calculating redress. Weaker submissions failed to explain how firms would apply judgement around issues such as time-barring (where a complaint may be considered outside the relevant complaint handling time limits) and rebuttals (where firms challenge or provide evidence against a complaint or claim).
Examples of good practice
- Clear decision-making frameworks showing where judgement or automation is used and aligned to the scheme rules.
- Defined cohorts aligned to eligibility criteria and supported by evidence and documented rationale.
- Worked examples or process flows showing how decisions will be made.
- Documented audit trails showing how decisions are recorded, reviewed and approved.
- Quality assurance arrangements for key decisions, including escalation routes for exceptions.
- Assessment of whether broker evidence is required is driven by the need to deliver fair and consistent outcomes, rather than by cost or operational complexity considerations alone.
Examples of poor practice
- Plans that describe scheme steps but do not show how they will be applied or whether there will be automated processes.
- A focus on governance and approval without enough detail on methodology.
- References group-based decisions with no explanation of how cohorts will be used or evidenced.
- Rebuttals or exclusions mentioned without explaining the evidence base or decision process.
- Limited explanation of how outliers, exceptions or edge cases will be identified and handled.
- Firms rely on broker evidence to support rebuttals or exceptions without a clear framework for validating the evidence, reconciling it to internal records or applying it consistently.
What firms need to do
Firms should ensure decision-making frameworks are clear and capable of being applied consistently. Firms should be clear on which parts of their scheme are automated, and which rely on human judgement. These decisions can directly affect whether consumers receive redress, so firms should be able to show how they will be made, recorded, quality assured and escalated where needed.
4. Redress calculation and payment
What we found
Some plans stated that the firm would apply the FCA methodology but did not explain how that methodology would be operationalised. We also saw limited detail on validation, identity verification, fraud checks, payment controls and reconciliation.
Many firms intended to use a redress calculator or calculation engine to support consistent delivery. Stronger plans explained the end-to-end calculation process. This included data inputs, calculation steps, testing, assurance, governance, review points and how outputs would be used in consumer communications and payments.
Less developed plans provided limited detail on the calculation methodology or were unclear about whether calculations would be automated, manual or a combination of both. Where manual calculations were referenced, some firms did not address issues such as training and capacity planning.
Examples of good practice
- Clear explanation of how redress will be calculated.
- Documented calculator logic or calculation methodology.
- Evidence that calculators or automated tools have been tested and validated, and that firms can demonstrate calculations are accurate, consistent and auditable at scale.
- Defined controls and quality assurance for manual calculations.
- Clear links between liability outcomes, redress calculations, customer communications and payments.
- Payment processes that include identity verification, fraud checks and reconciliation.
- Clear processes for managing calculation errors, customer challenges, recalculations and ongoing assurance activities.
Examples of poor practice
- References to calculators without explaining how they work or how they have been validated.
- Intention to use manual calculation processes without clear controls, checks or quality assurance.
- Limited explanation of how liability decisions translate into redress outcomes. For example, where commission or hybrid remedies apply.
- Insufficient detail on payment validation, identity verification, fraud checks or reconciliation.
- Reliance on existing payment or identify verification processes without explaining how they apply in the context of the scheme.
What firms need to do
Firms should ensure they can show how a liability decision flows through to redress calculation, communication and payment. They should explain how calculations will be checked, how manual activity will be controlled, and how payment risks such as fraud, incorrect payment or duplicate payment will be managed.
5. Quality assurance and oversight
What we found
Many plans clearly set out oversight and reporting arrangements. However, quality assurance frameworks were often less developed. There was limited detail on sampling, thresholds, escalation and how firms would identify and correct issues.
Stronger examples included sample and edge-case testing, proportionate independent validation, and clear processes for correcting errors.
Examples of good practice
- Quality assurance frameworks set at a sustainable level and covering key decisions and outcomes.
- Defined sampling approaches, thresholds and escalation triggers.
- Clear feedback loops to identify, correct and prevent recurring issues.
- Oversight of third-party, outsourced and automated processes.
- Governance linked to key delivery risks, rather than as a stand-alone process.
- Clear accountability for monitoring whether the scheme is delivering fair and consistent outcomes.
Examples of poor practice
- Governance structures described without clear quality assurance arrangements.
- Limited detail on how samples will be selected, reviewed or escalated.
- Reliance on business-as-usual controls without explaining how they will operate in the scheme context so that timely changes to decisions or processes can be made.
- Limited explanation of how issues will be identified, remediated and fed back into process improvements.
- Insufficient oversight of third parties, group systems, automated tools or outsourced activity.
What firms need to do
Firms should show how they will test the accuracy, consistency and fairness of decisions and outcomes. They should also set out how they will act to promptly address the root causes of issues.
6. Multiple representatives
What we found
Stronger plans detailed how multiple representative issues would be identified early, with clear processes to address them.
Weaker plans failed to show how payments would be made effectively where multiple representative issues arise.
Examples of good practice
- Early identification of cases involving more than one professional representative.
- Clear processes for checking representative authority and permissions where relevant.
- Clear, accessible and factual communications with consumers where representation is unclear.
- Legal advice sought where firms identify legal risks.
Examples of poor practice
- Limited process for identifying duplicate or unclear representation.
- Unclear approach to communicating with consumers or their representatives where authority is uncertain.
- Limited explanation of how firms will manage the risk of duplicate payments or competing claims.
- Failure to check whether professional representatives remain authorised and operational. In particular, where complaints have been paused for a considerable period and the representative may no longer be trading.
- Failure to cleanse and validate records to distinguish complaints from other types of customer contact, such as data subject access requests, before identifying cases involving multiple representation.
What firms need to do
Firms should identify cases involving multiple representatives promptly and manage them in a way that supports fair consumer outcomes. This should include following the steps set out in our Dear CEO letter of 4 February 2026 (PDF). Where it is unclear who is acting for the customer, firms should work with the customer and the representatives to resolve the issue. Implementation plans should lay out how firms will meet these expectations. This includes through prompt and clear engagement and timely resolution of issues. Where legal risks arise, firms should consider taking their own legal advice.
Next steps
What firms should do now
All firms should consider these examples and make any necessary changes to their own plans, controls and oversight arrangements.
In particular, firms should test whether they can:
- Evidence how the relevant population has been identified.
- Explain the customer journey and operational workflow.
- Show how key decisions will be made, recorded and quality assured.
- Explain how redress will be calculated, checked and paid.
- Show that controls and quality assurance arrangements are ready for the risks in the process.
- Manage dependencies, exceptions, complex case types and contingency scenarios.
Where plans remain high level or key areas are still in development, firms should address those gaps. Firms should keep named Motor Finance Supervisors updated on material developments. This includes on areas such as calculators, third-party assurance, audit arrangements, customer communications and contingency planning.
What we will do
We will continue to engage with firms where concerns remain. Some firms may receive individual feedback or be asked to provide further detail where their plans do not demonstrate sufficient readiness.